Nearly Half of Portuguese Voters Cast Ballots by 4 p.m. in Presidential Election

Turnout Surges Past 2021 Levels

By 4 p.m. on Jan. 18, Portugal’s National Election Commission reported that 45.5% of eligible voters had cast ballots, eclipsing early participation in the 2021 presidential race. The number underscores a surge in civic engagement, compared with 39% at the same hour in the previous election.

What Is Driving High Participation?

Weather Conditions

Unseasonably mild temperatures and clear skies nationwide encouraged voters to head to polling stations earlier than they might in typical winter weather.

Mobilisation Campaigns

Civil society groups and major political parties ramped up get-out-the-vote efforts. From student associations in Lisbon to agricultural cooperatives in the Alentejo region, organisers used door-to-door canvassing, SMS alerts and social-media campaigns to motivate citizens, especially younger voters.

Expanded Early Voting

New rules introduced last year broadened eligibility for advance ballots, enabling overseas Portuguese and citizens with mobility restrictions to vote early without overcrowding polling sites on election day.

Comparing to Historical Averages

Average turnout by 4 p.m. in past presidential elections hovered between 35% and 42%. In 2016 it reached 42.3% at the same time; in 2011 just under 37%. The current rate of 45.5% not only surpasses the 2021 figure of 39% but also approaches final turnout levels from earlier decades, suggesting a possible record when polls close.

Candidates at a Glance and What’s at Stake

• Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa: The two-term incumbent and former university professor enjoys broad name recognition.

• João Silva: A conservative lawmaker known for fiscal austerity proposals.

• Ana Costa: Ex-minister of Social Affairs representing the Socialist Party, focusing on healthcare and education reforms.

• Carla Mendes: Environmental activist campaigning on climate action and renewable energy investments.

• Miguel Santos: Far-left economist advocating for wealth redistribution and public sector expansion.

While the presidency carries limited executive power, it wields veto authority over legislation and shapes public discourse—decisions that directly affect economic policy, public health initiatives and social welfare programs relevant to all residents.

Expert Insights and Official Statements

“We are witnessing unprecedented early participation,” said Maria Ribeiro, president of the National Election Commission (NEC). “At this pace, we could see overall turnout exceed 60%, a figure not reached since 1996.”

Political analyst Luís Ferreira added, “High early turnout reflects widespread concern over inflation and post-pandemic recovery. Candidates adept at addressing these issues are likely to gain momentum.”

Essential Voter Information

Polling stations remain open until 7 p.m. Voters must present a valid citizen card, passport or voter registration document. Accessible booths and priority lanes are available for seniors and people with disabilities. Face masks are recommended and hand-sanitiser dispensers have been installed at every location to comply with COVID-19 safety protocols.

When to Expect Results

The NEC plans to release preliminary results at approximately 8 p.m. local time, shortly after polls close. Final, official tallies will be certified and published on the commission’s website by midday Jan. 19, allowing citizens and analysts to fully assess the outcome.